Advantages and disadvantages of ethnography pdf

Advantages and disadvantages of emic and etic approaches. Applying research techniques from the social sciences, in particular from anthropology, has a number of tangible benefits. There are many challenges and criticisms attached to the conduct of research, none. Applying critical ethnographic methodology and method in. Ethnography, observational research, and narrative inquiry. Instead, we see that researchers are cutting new paths to reinscribing critique in ethnography. Participant observation as a data collection method. The history of participant observation as a method participant observation is considered a staple in anthropological studies, especially in ethnographic studies, and has been used as a data collection method for over a century. It refers both to the process that is used to study people as well as the outcome of this process. A prime example of using ethnography for success is in us foreign relations, particularly where the work of anthropologist ruth benedict was used in. Observational research, advantages and disadvantages. Ethnography is the hallmark of social anthropology. Introduction to critical ethnography sage publications.

While ethnographic research can be applied to virtually any kind of sociological or anthropological subject of inquiry, there are distinct advantages and disadvantages to using the method. Hence, children are seen as strong, capable, and knowledgeable experts on. Examples of studies that can use an ethnographic approach 6. An ethnographer sees what people are doing as well as what they say they are doing. In light of the above advantages and disadvantages, should your market research project include indepth surveys. For more complex studies or unpredictable situations, ethnography helps uncovers why people do what they do. The disadvantage of anthropology as a source of history is the disadvantage of any source of history. Pdf the advantages and disadvantages of mixing methods. Commentary section includes some of the advantages and disadvantages to qualitative observational. The study aims at critically discussing the advantages and disadvantages of using quantitative and qualitative. Although autoethnography as a research method can be an unknown and difficult tool for novice researches to use, it is an instrument through which researchers can explore and portray the culture where a phenomenon is being experienced. The term ethnography comes from the greek words ethnos which means people or nation. Used in cultural anthropology, sociology, business and organizational psychology, ethnography brings strengths and weaknesses to the research.

The answer depends on several factors, including your specific research opportunity, timeline, budget, and what other data collection methods you are utilizing or thinking of utilizing. The grade of complexity and accuracy of the results of a social research depends on adopting the most appropriate method. It is the practice of reflecting upon oneself and ones work, of being selfaware and selfcritical. I recently had the pleasure of learning how to conduct ethnographic research for the first time. Emic and etic demonstrate etic and emic approaches and how the. Ethnography immerses the project team in participants lives and enables a relationship to develop with research participants over the period of study. That is to say, there was a shift of research methods from quantitative. Ethnography is the systematic study of people and their cultures. Ethnographic analysis, or the study of ethnography, is a branch of the social sciences that involves the direct study of people and cultures. Ethnography can be briefly defined as the systematic study of. Data obtained is extremely detailed gives an insight into an individuals attitudes. While ethnography is a methodology facilitating critical research of accounting, those accounting researchers using this methodology should not be innocent ofthe assumptions and limitations ofthe tool they have borrowed. Advantages and disadvantages of ethnography advantages disadvantages data. Ethnographic research is a method of study which involves the field observation and qualitative analysis of human behavior.

In this how to account i will describe the process by organizing my description around the following seven questions. The emergence of teambased ethnography, as a departure from the traditional lone researcher working in the field, is in part in response to the globalisation of societies, economies and ororganisations. Disadvantages dependent on the researchers observations and interpretations difficult to check the validity of the researchers conclusion observer bias is almost impossible to eliminate may lack transferability ethnography is time consuming and requires a welltrained researcher. At first glance, ethnography offers a wide range of benefits. The pros and cons of researching events ethnographically ncbi. The purpose of this article is to introduce ethnography, to describe how ethnographic methods may be utilized, to provide an overview of ethnography s use in healthcare and medical education, and to summarize some key limitations with the method. Ethnography advantages and disadvantages learn and absorb. Gerry katz, vice chairman of applied marketing science, explains how ethnographic research can be used to gain deep insights about how customers use. Is the ethnographic method the social scientific research method that probably gets closest to observing the intensities of peoples everyday lives jerolmack and khan, 2014 not particularly wellsuited for investigating such periods. Ethnography, field research, qualitative research, participant observation, and methodological issues.

Ethnographer must observe others and par8cipate with them at the same 8me. The advantages and disadvantages of ethnographic studies media. The purpose of ethnographic analysis is to allow scientists to observe their subjects on the ground level, interacting with them as another person would instead of creating a scientistsubject relationship. Advantages, limitations and criticisms article pdf available december 20 with 3,691 reads. The advantages and disadvantages of ethnographic studies. Answer with detailed reference to at least one ethnographic study. What are the disadvantages of anthropology as a source of. The advantages and disadvantages of mixing methods.

It provides researchers which rich insights into human, social and cultural aspect. Ethnography studies the consumer behaviour in their natu slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Dr sushil baral, sudeep uprety and bipul lamichhane. Jim thomas, doing critical ethnography 1993 we should not choose between critical theory and ethnography. Advantages and disadvantages of ethnographic research 2. The advantages and disadvantages of ethnographic methods. What are the benefits and drawbacks of ethnography. One of the main advantages associated with ethnographic research is that ethnography can help.

Ethnography research ethnographic research is one of the most indepth research methods possible. As like any other research methods, ethnography has its own advantages. Advantages and disadvantages the research in management, especially in marketing, frequently considers focus group and other qualitative methods as exploratory tools, its results needing to be verified by a quantitative study, in a. One of the more widely cited benefits of conducting ethnographic research is that due to the firsthand observation that is involved, usually conducted over an extended period of time, the research can provide extensive and indepth findings about human behaviour.

There are several disadvantages to conducting ethnographic research. Ethnography provides a detailed exploration of group activity and may include literature about andor by the group. The origin of ethnography in health research dates back to the development of a branch of anthropology known as medical anthropology. The advantages and disadvantages of grounded theory methodology and ethnographic approaches to qualitative research abdul aziz essay sociology methodology and methods publish your bachelors or masters thesis, dissertation, term paper or essay. The advantages and disadvantages of etic and emic techniques even each other out when used simultaneously. This should include as illustrative material i your own ethnographic case study, and ii examples from both a anthropological research in a modern organisational context and b more traditional ethnographies.

Challenges in research with children 199 competent, strong and powerful members of society bruner, 1996. Observational research studies have been conducted with the consent of the human subjects under study using certain subjects as informants or without it covert. However, seeing that anthropologists work hard to describe the circumstances of the site they are studying, i would say ethnographi. However, its important to note that it can also have several drawbacks.

The pros and cons of researching events ethnographically. This pdf has been generated from sage research methods. In anthropology, it is well exemplified by the work of renato rosaldo, ruth behar, and dorinne kondo, among others. As dewalt and dewalt 2002 relate it, one of the first instances of its use involved the work of frank. When critically appraising the combination of ethnography and autoethnography, researchers must evaluate paradigmatic philosophies and methods of inquiry for commensurability and delineate the advantages and disadvantages of combining methods as they relate to each paradigm. Unlike other research methods, ethnography is almost entirely participant driven and generally. The advantages and disadvantages of using qualitative and quantitative approaches and methods in language testing and assessment research. Essay about the role of reflexivity in ethnography bartleby. The role of reflexivity in ethnography reflexivity, as i understand it, is very well named. Ethnography is often used in accounting research as a unifonn and unproblematic methodology tinker 1998, p. The advantages and disadvantages of using qualitative and.

An overview of ethnography in healthcare and medical. Observational research is a term that encompasses many different forms of qualitative inquiry, each of which deals with monitoring and noting conditions as they exist in the field, rather than constructing an experimental design. Eating christmas in the kalahari, shakespeare in the bush, and instructors notes. One type of qualitative research is an ethnographic. Although mixed and multiplemethod research designs are currently gaining momentum and popularity, it is essential that researchers undertake a critical analysis of the process of mixing mainstream research designs with newer methods before. Medical anthropology concerns its self with a wide variety of healthrelated issues, including the etiology of disease, the preventive measures that human members of sociocultural systems have constructed or devised to prevent the onset of disease, and the. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of adopting an ethnographic approach to the study of society. Observation, particularly participant observation, has been used in a variety of disciplines as. Ethnographic research is one of the most indepth research method. Ethnographic studies are usually conducted through. In this how to account i will describe the process by organizing my. Ethnography is the description of cultures and the groups of people who live within them. Therefore, the value of grounded theory is that it avoids making assumptions and instead adopts a.